10 C.F.R. Part 71 is a binding federal regulation issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). It governs the packaging and transportation of radioactive materials, including spent nuclear fuel, across the United States. It is part of Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which contains the core federal rules for nuclear energy and safety.
This regulation applies to anyone licensed by the NRC, such as utilities, contractors, or private companies, when they ship radioactive material off-site, including along public roads, railways, or other transport routes.
Part 71 has the force of law and sets strict, enforceable requirements for transporting nuclear materials:
- It establishes packaging standards, requiring specially designed containers (such as heavily engineered casks) that must withstand severe accident conditions, including impacts, fire, and water immersion.
- It requires NRC approval (certification) of certain package designs before they can be used.
- It sets rules for shipment preparation, handling, and quality assurance, including testing, inspections, and documentation.
- It imposes legal responsibilities on licensees who transport radioactive materials, including compliance with both NRC and Department of Transportation regulations.
Violations can result in enforcement actions, penalties, or license suspensions.
